<p>Simpson&rsquo;s paradox demonstrates how counterintuitive statistics can be</p>
Simpson's Paradox is a statistical phenomenon where a trend appears in several different groups of data but disappears or reverses when these groups are combined. This paradox highlights the importance of considering the context and structure of data when interpreting statistical results.
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to deduce properties of an underlying probability distribution. It involves making predictions or generalizations about a population based on a sample, and is fundamental to hypothesis testing and confidence intervals.